The following publications illustrate the research works which members of our firm wrote








































































The Costs of The Deal
Many businesspeople come to me to ask me help them close multimillion and sometimes multibillion deals. They are broke but in their mind, this is






































































The Theory of Wagons applied to Initial Public Offerings – IPOs
As discussed in my previous article “Is your company ready for an I.P.O. Initial Public Offering?”, the main barriers preventing an IPO to happen for






































































The Theory of Objects – a Summary
Français The Theory of Objects was born from the conception of object-oriented programming but its use expanded from computers to business analysis in general thereby






































































Intellectual Property Securities
We can legitimately wonder whether the traditional securities are sufficient to answering the modern investor’s needs, Are not you fed up to invest in basket






































































Initial Public Offering – I.P.O. – IPO
The Initial Public Offering Definition The Initial Public Offering is the event defined as the first time that the shares of stock of a stock






































































Private Equity Secondary Market Private
In finance, the private equity secondary market (also often called private equity secondaries or secondaries) refers to the buying and selling of pre-existing investor commitments






































































Secret, Confidentiality, Non Disclosure
The Secret originates from the law, either as attributed to a profession, then it will be called Professional Secret or as attributed to those who






































































The Roadshow
The Roadshow is a presentation organized by an issuer of securities and the syndicate of brokers and investment banks underwriting an issue of securities, aiming






































































The Securities Brokerage Network
A company was just transformed into a Securities Issuer by Deschenaux Hornblower & Partners, LLP who prepared a Private Offering Memorandum describing its securities issue and filed






































































The Multilevel Brokerage Network
The Multilevel Brokerage Network is a very different kind of multilevel marketing network because there is only one sale of product or services from the






































































From Cash Money Need to Private Capital
A company is in need of capital for any reason that it demonstrates can generate profits and amortize within a reasonable time frame. In the






































































Business Plan: a simple Financial Definition
A business plan is a document demonstrating the feasibility of a prospective new business and providing a roadmap for its first several years of operation.(Source:






































































Ways of Going Public to the Stock Market
Comparison with Water Have you played with a waterspout in the garden when you were a kid ? If so, then you surely put your






































































Equity Dilution
Equity Dilution, also known as Stock Dilution or Share Dilution, is the decrease in percentage of existing shareholders’ ownership of a company as a result






































































Compliance, a Spy Pretext
Under the pretext of fighting against dirty money, banks mandated but also threatened by the financial authorities of governments, supported by duly enacted laws and






































































Business Conceptualization
Conceptualization is the phase during which the Entrepreneur writes his ideas on paper to identify the concepts that will later layout the foundations of his






































































Breeding a Unicorn
In the world of business,Unicorn is the new jargon name given to start-up companies that will ideally create their market or become the market leader






































































The Jurist or Non-Bar Lawyer under Swiss Law
The Definition of the word Jurist The word Jurist is of Latin origin: iuris, “right”. According to the spirit of Roman law, the jurist is






































































Offer and Acceptance
The offer must be precise and complete, it may be tacit, implied or express and can not be withdrawn before the fixed date or a






































































How to get Financing?
Financing is the act of finding solutions to bring to completion. By extension, the solution most often used being money, it represents the act of






































































Consent
In law of obligations, Consent is the act of pronouncing in favor of a legal act, in the broad sense, and especially of any convention,






































































The Smart Contract
The smart contract is a small computer application simulating the operation of a contract: The manifestation of reciprocal and concordant wills, materialized by several valid






































































Bid, Ask & Spread definitions
I often heard the following question: How is it possible that the price of the Bid is higher than the price of Ask and no






































































Mezzanine Financing
Mezzanine Financing or Mezzanine Capital refers to subordinated debt or preferred equity securities that often represent the most junior portion of a company’s capital structure,






































































Assumptions & Financial Projections
When an entrepreneur writes a business plan he generally finishes it with financial projections without explaining how s/he came up with these figures. Without reading






































































Due Diligence
Due Diligence is an English term used to describe all procedures that verify the situation and the verbal or written statements of a legal (or






































































Private Equity
In finance, private equity is a type of investment where the investor participates in the ownership of the company contrarily to a creditor or debt






































































The Securities Subscription Agreement
Definition The Subscription is a form of purchase agreement that differentiates itself from the classic purchase and sale agreement of securities, because it creates said






































































Stock Swap
When we organize the initial public offering of a foreign company in the United States, we usually need to make the foreign company become a






































































Imaginary International Trade
The Grand Hotel Palace shone under the sun in the late afternoon. There was no crowd at that hour. The man who went there with






































































Work for Hire
In almost all jurisdictions, a work made for hire (work for hire or WFH) is a work created by an employee or a subcontractor as






































































Finance – Economy – Currency Definitions
Finance The origin of the word Finance comes from the two latin words Finer which means carry out and Ansa which means solution Financing therefore






































































Stock Quote Solidity and Breakpoint
When one sees a stock quote, especially when one possesses this stock, one always thinks that this price applies to its entire participation. Besides, is






































































Financing
Deriving from the word Finance, the definition of the word Financing is therefore the Act of finding solutions to carry out. By extension, the most






































































Investor’s Moods
Abstract from Investment Madness by John R. Nofsinger In order to operate in the financial markets, it is crucial to understand the investor’s psychology. Every






































































Recognize a Manipulator
Excerpt from Isabelle Nazare-Aga’s book “The manipulators are among us”. I have been hesitating a long time to publish an article where more than 80%






































































The Protocol of Agreement
The Protocol of Agreement is – an act under private seal, between natural or legal persons, or – a public or international act between subjects






































































The Cycle of the Action
Every action produces a reaction and a result which in turn produce repercussions. The child throws the ball (action) which pushes the air (reaction) which






































































Relative Amount – Part 1: Probability Index
Principle The purpose of financial projections is to estimate the future performance of a particular issuer using the necessary assumptions in order to prepare the






































































Gentlemen’s Agreement
A gentlemen’s agreement litterally agreement among gentlemen is an informal agreement between two or more parties. It can be written, oral, or implicit by communicating